Understanding Interactions In Ecosystems
Talking
about the ecosystem, certainly will never be separated from the patterns of
interaction that was built by the components in it . These components, both a biotic and biotic , intertwined with each other . Each of these components can’t
stand alone and eventually form a unified harmony. The interaction in this
ecosystem will eventually involve some interaction between the pattern of individual
or inter - organism, the interaction between population and inter - community
interactions. Balanced and harmonious interaction will lead to the balance of
the ecosystem that produces harmony.
Understanding
the interactions in the ecosystem should start from the observation of the
interaction between one individual to another individual or a single organism
with other organisms . This interaction is an absolute thing because an
individual will never be separated from other individuals . Interactions
between individuals can be easily found in a population or a community. For
ease of understanding , the interactions between individuals are divided into
two groups: some :
Symbiosis
is defined as a pattern of mutual relations between the two different types of
living things . Symbiosis is then subdivided into three groups , among others :
- Symbiosis mutualism . This relationship is the kind of relationship where two different living things are mutually benefited. An example of symbiotic mutualism is the relationship between fungi and algae , the relationship flowers and bees , starlings and rhinos and many others . The relationship between flowers and bees , for example, both benefit where the bees get nectar and help pollinate the flowers .
- Symbiosis Paratisme . This relationship involves two different kinds of living creatures which created favorable and adverse relationship . The living being harmed is called the host and the benefit is called the parasite . An example of this relationship is in the human head lice , fungus on skin , tapeworm in the stomach and many others .
- Symbiosis Komensialisme . One relationship involves two different living things in which one is benefited and the other is not harmed . An example of this relationship is the orchid plants and trees where it lives , shark with remora fish and many others . Orchids can be attached and " ride to live " in the mango tree for example , but the orchids are able to make their own food so that he did not harm the trees. Meanwhile, the pattern of relationships shark and remora remora is also somewhat unique because it will get the rest of the food consumed by the shark and it did not harm the shark .
Antibiosis
Antibiosis
is the pattern of relationships between living organisms in which one
individual secrete a substance that can harm other individuals . For example,
fungi that secrete toxins that inhibit or even shut down other living creatures
.
Predatorisme
It
is a relationship in which one living thing preys on other living things. An
example of this relationship is a rat or a cat preying hawk that preys on
snakes and many others .
Interactions
in ecosystems also involves relationships among populations . The pattern of
this interaction is divided into several groups, namely :
- Aleopati , namely the relationship between the population where the population can produce a number of substances that block the growth and blossoms of other populations . An example of this is relation rare walnut trees grown other plants around it grow because it produces substances that are toxic or toxic. Relationship pattern is called by the name anabiosa .
- Competition, is the pattern of relationships among populations where both have the same interests that led to the relationship of competition to get these things addressed . An example of this is the pattern of animal relationships zebra, sheep, horses, cows, also deer that live in the ecosystem and compete for grass as food .
In
simple terms, a community is defined as a collection of different populations
in the same place and intertwined interactions . For example, the relationship
between the population with a population of lowland rivers . In the river there
are many organisms form a population, then the system irrigation of the river
to the fields will align with the community of rice fields and river
communities will occur nutrient circulation of river water to the rice fields.
Interactions
involving the community in the ecosystem is very complex because it not only
involves various kinds of organisms but also involves the flow of food energy
as well . The interaction between these communities can be observed clearly for
example on carbon recycling involves two distinct types of ecosystems such as
those between terrestrial and marine ecosystems .
Tag :
Enviroment Education
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